计及导向摆臂约束的重型货车驾驶室俯仰平面动力学模型

传统的重型货车驾驶室俯仰平面动力学模型没有考虑悬置导向机构的影响,仅能粗略计算驾驶室垂向和俯仰响应,无法计算驾驶室质心的纵向振动特性,因而其仿真精度较低,且在实际工程应用中受到了限制。为提高模型精度并拓宽其工程应用范围,创建了考虑导向摆臂约束作用的驾驶室俯仰平面动力学模型,分析了摆臂导向机构的约束特性。在此基础上,通过道路试验,对所建模型进行了验证。结果表明,所建模型的仿真精度更高,工程应用范围更广,它能有效复现驾驶室系统的真实动力学响应。而且,该模型不仅可用于驾驶室垂向、俯仰和纵向振动响应特性的分析,还可用于考虑驾驶室纵向振动舒适性的悬置控制策略的开发,以及导向摆臂摆角、减振器摆角和驾驶室悬置系统其它动力学参数的估计等。     

牵引变电所馈线保护装置拒动事件分析

对牵引变电所一次因馈线保护装置拒动导致的主变压器后备保护越级跳闸事件做了全面分析,给出了馈线过电流、高阻I段、阻抗保护装置均未动作的原因,提出了运行改进措施。     

中重型柴油机满足欧Ⅲ排放法规的认识与对策

简介了欧Ⅲ排放检测标准和满足欧Ⅱ排放法规柴油机的排放达标措施,介绍了几种国外欧Ⅲ样机的排放测试结果,结合我国的实际情况提出了欧Ⅲ柴油机应采用的主要技术措施。     

基于部分集卡到达信息的码头进口箱翻箱优化

集装箱码头进口箱提箱作业过程中,由于外集卡到达时间的不确定性,存在外集卡提箱顺序与目标箱的堆存位置不一致,从而产生大量翻箱.为了解决这一问题,本文以期望翻箱量最小为落箱位置的选择原则,提出最小化二次翻箱启发式算法,利用算例验证算法的有效性,分析集卡到达的信息质量对进口箱提箱翻箱的影响,根据集卡到达信息质量的不同选择最佳翻箱规则.结果表明:提出的翻箱策略可以在获得部分集卡到达信息下有效地减少翻箱,针对不同的集卡到达信息质量,采取相应翻箱规则进行翻箱作业能有效减少翻箱,提高码头堆场的作业效率.     

基于生长曲线函数的货车运营环节碳达峰研究

货车是我国大气环境污染的重要来源之一，也是影响我国碳达峰总体目标实现的重要因 素。本文从货车运营环节入手，在运用生长曲线函数对货车保有量进行预测的基础上，对不同类 型货车的保有量和单车碳排放变化进行研究，并从货车节能技术发展、新能源货车推广和应用进 程两方面入手，分3种情景对货车运营环节中产生的碳排放总量趋势进行预判，推演货车运营环 节的碳达峰时间。研究结果表明，只有同时加快货车节能技术发展以及新能源货车推广和应用 进程，货车运营环节中产生的碳排放总量规模才能得到有效抑制并逐渐减少。若到 2030 年货 车单车燃料消耗水平较 2019 年降低 20%以上，新能源货车在货车整体保有量中的占比达到 20%，到 2060 年货车单车燃料消耗水平较 2019 年降低 50%，新能源货车占比达到 50%，则货车 运营环节碳达峰时间将缩短至2030年左右实现，2030年后货车运营环节产生的碳排放总量规 模将逐渐减少。     

The effect of the competition between cars and trucks on the evolution of the motorway transport system

Motorways, which were devised at the beginning of their history as dedicated roads intended to be traveled by cars only, are at present also traveled by considerable flows of trucks. This fact has deeply changed the motorway transport system with respect to its original conception, owing to the interactions between two categories of vehicles whose characteristics are very different. These interactions greatly increase the transport cost perceived by car drivers with respect to truck drivers. This paper studies the consequences of this cost asymmetry on the evolution of the transport system when the geometric characteristics of a motorway remain unchanged in time, while transport demand increases. By using a theoretical model of competition between cars and trucks, it is shown that, if both the geometric characteristics of a motorway and the increase rate of the activities that feed the transport demand remain unchanged over time, the competition between cars and trucks, as well as the fact that in general passengers have better transport alternatives than freight, make the increase rate of truck traffic greater than that of cars, causing a progressive increase in the proportion of trucks in the time periods in which a motorway is traveled by both the vehicle categories. Since truck traffic on motorways, at least in Europe, is very scarce on weekends and in holiday periods, in which motorways are traveled almost only by cars, these results seem to indicate a tendency to the specialization of motorways, which are likely to be used in the future mostly by only one category of vehicles in different periods of time.     

铁路重载货车转向架技术应用探究

铁路重载货车转向架为铁路重载运输提供保障。由于铁路重载货车的重载质量不断增加,运行的速度越来越快速,从而造成了轮轨的损坏,这就需要加强对转向架技术的深入研究。对我国铁路重载货车转向架技术发展的历程进行阐述,详细分析了铁路重载货车转向架技术的应用,并对铁路重载货车转向架的发展趋势进行阐述。     

基于工况分布的重型环卫货车 NOx排放模型

为提高城市重型环卫货车的NOx排放测算精度，本文提出一个基于工况分布的重型环卫货车NOx排放模型.首先，根据基于实测逐秒速度数据分析的环卫重型货车工况特征和 NO_x排放特性对不同负载货车的 VSP区间进行划分；其次，结合货车瞬时速度建立不同负载的环卫重型货车运行模式区间划分方法，并对不同负载货车NO_x排放因子进行测算.结果显示，空载货车在速度区间[0, 20) km/h 上，NOx排放因子大于满载，其他速度区间上相反.与基于 MOVES模型测算结果对比，在不同速度区间上，基于 MOVES的测算结果均比本文提出模型的测算结果偏低，如在低速区间[0，20) km/h，中速区间[20，50) km/h，高速区间[50，+∞) km/h：空载行驶时，分别低24.67%、6.82%和23.81%；满载行驶时，分别低12.38%、18.81%和26.43%.     

垃圾转运车后门液压系统故障分析

针对在实际生产过程中出现的垃圾转运车后门不能举升和下降的故障现象,通过对液压系统原理图的分析和借助适当的检测工具,按照由简单到复杂的原则,逐一排查可能引起故障的原因,使故障得以快速解决,并提供了一种对故障原因进行分析的思路。     

Heavy duty vehicle rollover detection and active roll control

This paper presents the results of a comprehensive study on heavy-duty vehicle (HDV) roll stability improvement technology. The proposed rollover threat warning system uses the real-time dynamic model-based time-to-rollover (TTR) metric as a basis for online rollover detections. Its feasibility for implementation in a HDV rollover threat detection system is demonstrated through vehicle dynamic simulation studies. The research on the development of a rollover threat detection system is further enhanced in combination with an active roll control system using active suspension mechanism to improve heavy-duty trucks’ roll stability both in the static cornering and in emergency maneuvers. It has been demonstrated that the roll stability of typical heavy-duty trucks has been largely improved by the proposed active safety monitoring and control system.